Research Abstracts

Private sector involvement in desalination projects in the Mediterranean Middle East (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syria and Tunisia) has in the main been limited to the provision of facilities under turnkey type contracts — with the exception of Israel which has recently

As many other countries, Algeria is facing a problem of water shortage. The lack of rainfall as well as its variable frequency penalized the government water politics which was maily based on rainfall harness (dams and reserves). Despite the country’s considerable potential in sea and brackish water

Jordan has recently given distinguished attention to its single and extremely limited sea outlet — Aqaba. An innovative governing system is being established. Aqaba has been declared as a Special Economic Zone Authority. The main objectives of the new authority are to develop Aqaba as a haven for co

Water supply and demand, the need for desalination investment, the need for integrated water resources management, the need for sustainability, the need for capacity building are considered in eight South Mediterranean countries: Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syria and Tunisia.

Most of the Arab countries are located in arid and semi-arid zones known for their scanty annual rainfall, very high rates of evaporation and consequently extremely insufficient renewable water resources. Sustainable management of water resources is a must as water scarcity is becoming more and more

This work reports an ongoing AWWARF research project on integrity testing of low-pressure membrane processes. The project includes an evaluation of existing and improved methods through testing at full-scale plants representing different membrane systems. The assessment and advancement of integrity

The aim of this study was to evaluate how defects in a membrane surface can affect the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) and the membrane permeability as they are traditionally defined. These two parameters are important criteria for the selection of ultrafiltration membranes with regard to efficiency

Experimental and modelling analysis is presented for characterization of polymeric nanofiltration membranes; the application considered is the separation of aqueous mixtures containing strong electrolytes and/or uncharged solutes. Mass transfer through the membrane is based on the extended Nernst–Pl

Air permeability and water vapor permeability of naphion membranes were measured using specially built instruments. Air permeability was almost zero. Water vapor permeability was zero during an incubation period. After the incubation period, the permeability became large and then gradually decreased

2 ! A modified static method for investigation of CO3 !, HCO3 and OH! ions sorption by anion-exchange membranes KD — — — — V W — — — zi Dw — — Dissociation constant Ion exchange equilibrium coefficient Mass of membrane sample Number of stages j in experiment k Amount of ion i participating in ion ex