Research Abstracts

A study of the effects of some parameters on the active chlorine production from aqueous sodium chloride solutions in the hypochlorite electrochemical production cells was undertaken. These varying parameters included the anodic surface area (Sa), the ratio of anodic and cathodic surface areas (Sa/S

Thermally stable nanofiltration membranes were used to recover hot water from rinsing effluents from acid and reactive dyeing operations. Two types of flat-sheet membranes, MPF-34 (MWCO 200) and MPF-36 (MWCO 1000), were tested at 60°C and 10 bar. Experiments carried out with the made-up feeds contai

A contributor to success in managing membrane operations is to be able to identify suitable engineering design approaches to slow down the membrane fouling rate. Two such approaches were discussed in this study, namely: (1) off- site chemical and mechanical cleaning, and (2) air scouring. A longer s

Ultrafiltration hollow-fiber membranes (UHFMs) of poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) (PANCMA) were prepared by a dry-wet phase inversion process. The morphologies of inner surface and cross section for these hollow fibers were inspected with scanning electron microscopy. It was found that, by increa

This paper presents the results of an optimization study, based on minimum water cost, to explore the feasibility of the hybridization of RO and MSF processes. The study explores the possible improvement of MSF process economics. Nine different scenarios for the production of the same capacity of de

Studies were performed to determine the effect of the presence of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on ultrafiltration (UF) process performance. The influence of PAC addition to the feed on permeate flux in terms of flux decline and the possibilities of membrane cleaning during backwashing were invest

Polysulfone membranes were prepared via the diffusion-induced phase inversion process from casting solutions consisting of polysulfone, dimethyformamide, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a polymeric additive. The effect of PVP added in casting solutions was analyzed by measuring the prepared membranes’

A thermodynamic simulation study was performed on the influence of greenhouse-related parameters on a desalination process that combines fresh water production using humidification–dehumidification with the growth of crops in a greenhouse. With the system under study, surface seawater trickles down

Fine particles of photoactive anatase-type TiO2 were loaded on activated carbon and carbon spheres through the hydrolysis of titanium oxysulfate under autogenous hydrothermal conditions. Their photoactivity and adsorptivity were evaluated separately by the measurements of relative concentration of m

Chloride-nitrate equilibrium was studied using the Neosepta ACS anion-exchange membrane. Ion-exchange isotherm and selectivity coefficient were performed on the basis of the Donnan equilibrium and Helfferich’s equilibrium relationship. Fixed ionic group concentration and water activity coefficients