Nanofiltration

A new process combination for the treatment of severely contaminated waste water has been developed: powdered adsorbent is injected into the feed of a nanofiltration unit and removed from the concentrate subsequently by a thickener. The powdered adsorbent in the feed has a positive effect on permeat

Asymmetric cellulose diacetate (CA) based membranes were prepared according to the phase inversion process from acetone/formamide (2:1 wt./wt.) casting solutions. The polymer concentration was varied from 15 to 25 wt.% in order to produce membranes with pore size distributions ranging from low molec

The laminar flow structure and concentration distribution in a narrow rectangular channel simulating the feed channel of nanofiltration (NF) spiral-wound modules are investigated. The continuity, Navier–Stokes equations and the solute continuity equation are solved by the control volume formulation.

The paper presents the results of tests carried out on selected membranes, SEPA (Osmonics Inc., USA). The efficiency of membrane water softening was evaluated on the basis of permeate flux and the physicochemical analysis of raw water and permeate. The transport-separation properties of the membrane

Wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) was isolated into different fractions including colloids, and hydrophobic (HPO) and transphilic (TPI) fractions. The EfOM isolates were characterized by different techniques, for example, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with on-line UVA and DOC detectors

The modelling of membrane filtration processes is often conducted by applying black-box models or short-cut methods because of its complexity due to molecular interactions on and inside the membrane. The assumptions made for the short-cut-methods are applicable for reverse osmosis, whereas the simul

Permeation experiments of KCl, NaCl, LiCl, MgCl2, MgSO4 and K2SO4 solutions were carried out using two commercial nanofiltration membranes, which were NF45 (Dow Chemical Corporation) and SU200 (Toray Corporation) membranes. The effects of the type and the concentration of electrolytes as well as the

This work explores the performances of two types of nanofiltration (NF) membranes (Desal DK and NF200) in the elimination of some selected pesticides presents in water (triazines and urea herbicides). Experiments were carried out on synthetic waters composed from distilled water to which has been ad

In the present work, we were interested in the treatment by nanofiltration of synthetic solutions containing chromium salts. Two types of solutions (CrCl3 – K2Cr2O7) were treated according to the experimental parameters such as pH, pressure and concentration. With the aim of studying the influence o

Air sparging has shown to be very efficient for flux enhancement in different membrane processes and for different membrane geometries. This study focuses on the application of air sparging to nanofiltration flat sheet membranes and aims to understand which hydrodynamic parameter is responsible for