Desalination

Desalination with humidification and dehumidification process is deemed as an efficient and promising means of utilizing the condenser and evaporator of heat pump to produce freshwater from seawater. This paper presents a new type desalination unit driven by mechanical vapor compression pump which w

Small-scale autonomous desalination systems (ADS) powered by renewable energy are ideal for implementation in arid or semi-arid regions like the Mediterranean, especially in remote coastal or inland locations. The technology has made significant progress but wide scale implementation may face admini

Whilst carbon dioxide is water soluble the system is somewhat complex and results in the presence of carbonate anions which interact with cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ present in seawater to form insoluble carbonates, especially at high temperatures. In multistage flash (MSF) desalination plants CO2

The city of Derna, Libya, located on the Green Mountain Coastal region is facing a severe water shortage problem as its water resources are exposed to sea water intrusion. This threatening phenomenon is being recurrent with several cities in the coast. This paper considers the evaluation of this pro

A premature study has been conducted to overlook the viability and feasibility of the future of desalination in Libya, by estimating the water situation in several locations in the country. A simplified review of the spectrum of well-known desalination techniques and a presentation of these analysis

The environmental characteristics of the brine and its impacts on the marine environment were always the “backyard” and the less concern while planning and operating RO desalination plants. The lack of drinking water in Israel made desalination a national goal. The first huge RO plant was initially

Adelaide is the capital city of South Australia, one of the driest states in the world. The city receives its potable water from a series of water catchments and the River Murray. Unfortunately, the current drought combined with other environmental factors is putting a strain on the River and its wa

The main objective of this work was to investigate boron removal from seawater using two commercial high rejection SWRO membranes. The impact of solution pH, feed concentration, pressure, and cross-flow velocity on boron rejection and permeate flux was determined. The membranes used were the TorayTM

The paper deals with a novel solar powered water desalination technique based on direct osmosis process. The separation is driven by natural osmosis, which does not require external pumping energy as in the reverse osmosis process. Therefore, the specific power consumption of the desalination proces

Desalination of seawater and NaCl solutions is of great interest as potable water sources are dramatically declining on earth. Most of the techniques used to decontaminate water involve polymeric membranes and expensive desalination processes. To improve thermal, chemical and physical resistance of