Reverse osmosis

T he application o f a combined UF and RO t reatment for the reuse o f spent filter backwash f rom treated swimming pool water is a suitable a nd environmentally friendly method for the r euse of water in swimming pools. Based on a f ull-scale study, membrane performance and the e ffects o f SFBW re

Membrane fouling is customarily indicated and measured by permeate decline at constant operating conditions. Although this method has been widely used for many years, it is inadequate for characterizing fouling development in modern full-scale RO processes. It has been demonstrated that in some full

Water situation of the rural area of Damascus has been investigated in details including water resources, consumption, shortage and quality. Due to the shortage of potable water, a suitable RO plant was suggested. Full details of its design including its needed pretreatment are presented. Water prod

This paper presents the status of water desalination in Kuwait, and the limitations of current equipment in satisfying the increased water demand. It also gives the reasons for the water problem, and presents a more efficient and rapidly deployable solution for power and desalinated production. Kuwa

A model for a spiral-wound reverse osmosis system using the three-parameter membrane transport model by Spiegler–Kedem is presented. The pressure drops in the permeate channel, feed channel and also the variation of the mass transfer coefficient along the feed channel were taken into account. An ana

The objectives of this research were to evaluate two different processes using for wastewater reclamation in a hightech industrial park area in Taiwan. The major units of the first AC–RO–IE system included sand filter, an activated carbon (AC) bed, microfiltration module, a reverse osmosis (RO) memb

Government policy, in the form of grants and contracts for desalination technology, has had a major impact on steadily declining costs of desalination. The process, reverse osmosis (RO), exhibits economies of scale, which increases its feasibility as a water treatment technology for large population

Boron removal is a critical issue in the production of drinking water and of ultra-pure water in the electronics industry. Boron rejection in a RO process is typically in the range of 40–60%. The objective of this study was to distinguish the factor contributing to enhanced boron rejection in reclam

In dairy plants the process waters generated during the starting, equilibrating, interrupting and rinsing steps contribute to the production of effluents. They correspond to milk products (milk, whey, cream) diluted with water without chemicals. The treatment of these dairy process waters by nanofil

A technical and economic analysis concerning the integration of small reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants into mixed air steam turbine (MAST) technologies for power generation was carried out. The simulation tool used is the computer aid reverse osmosis calculations optimization algorithm. This